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Main categories of parts suitable for machining with machining centers

 The machining center is suitable for machining parts that are complex, have many procedures, and require high requirements, require multiple types of ordinary machine tools and many tool fixtures, and can only be processed after multiple clamping and adjustments.

The main objects of its processing are box parts, complex curved surfaces, special-shaped parts, plate-covered parts and special processing.

(1) Box parts

Box parts generally refer to parts with more than one hole system, a cavity inside, and a certain proportion of length, width, and height. This kind of parts are used more in machine tool, automobile, aircraft manufacturing and other industries. Box parts generally need to be processed with multi-station holes and planes, with higher tolerance requirements, especially the form and position tolerance requirements are stricter, usually through milling, drilling, expanding, boring, reaming, countersinking, tapping and other processes , Requires more tools, difficult to process on ordinary machine tools, large number of tooling sets, high cost, long processing cycle, multiple clamping and alignment, manual measurement times, frequent tool replacement during processing, and difficult process , And more importantly, accuracy is difficult to guarantee.

Machining centers for processing box-shaped parts, when there are many processing stations, the parts that require multiple rotations of the worktable to complete, generally choose horizontal boring and milling machining centers. When there are few processing stations and the span is not large, a vertical machining center can be selected to process from one end.

(2) Complex surface

Complex curved surfaces occupies a particularly important position in the machinery manufacturing industry, especially the aerospace industry. It is difficult or even impossible to complete complex curved surfaces using ordinary machining methods. In our country, the traditional method is to use precision casting, it can be imagined that its accuracy is low. Complicated surface parts such as: various impellers, wind guide wheels, spherical surfaces, various curved surface forming molds, propellers and underwater vehicle propellers, and some other free-form surfaces. Such parts can be processed by machining centers. The following are more typical:

①Cam, cam mechanism

As the basic element of mechanical information storage and transmission, it is widely used in various automatic machinery. Such parts have various curved disc cams, cylindrical cams, conical cams, barrel cams, end cams, etc. For processing such parts, three-axis, four-axis linkage or five-axis linkage machining center can be selected according to the complexity of the cam.

②Integral impeller

Such parts are commonly found in compressors of aero engines, expanders of oxygen production equipment, single-screw air compressors, etc. For such a profile, a machining center with more than four-axis linkage can be used to complete.

③Moulds

Such as injection molds, rubber molds, vacuum forming molds, refrigerator foam molds, pressure casting molds, precision casting molds, etc. Using machining centers to process molds, due to the high concentration of processes, the finishing of key parts such as moving molds and static molds basically completes all machining content in one installation, which can reduce the cumulative error of dimensions and reduce the workload of repair. At the same time, the mold has strong reproducibility and good interchangeability. The work load left by machining to the fitter is small, and wherever the tool can reach, it should be completed by machining as much as possible, so that the workload of the mold fitter is mainly polishing.

④Spherical surface

It can be milled by machining center. Three-axis milling can only use ball-end milling cutters for approximation processing, which is less efficient. Five-axis milling can use end milling cutters as the envelope surface to approach the spherical surface. When the complex curved surface is processed by the machining center, the programming workload is relatively large, and most of them require automatic programming technology.

(3) Special-shaped parts

Special-shaped parts are parts with irregular shapes, and most of them require multi-station mixed processing of points, lines and surfaces. The rigidity of special-shaped parts is generally poor, the clamping deformation is difficult to control, and the machining accuracy is difficult to guarantee, even some parts of some parts are difficult to complete with ordinary machine tools. When machining with a machining center, reasonable process measures should be adopted, one or two clamping, and the characteristics of the machining center's multi-station point, line, and surface mixed processing should be used to complete multiple procedures or all the procedures.

(4) Discs, sleeves, plate parts

With keyway, or radial hole, or distributed hole system on the end surface, curved disk sleeve or shaft parts, such as flanged shaft sleeve, keyway or square head shaft parts, etc., and more porous Processed board parts, such as various motor covers, etc. Vertical machining centers should be selected for disc parts with distributed holes and curved surfaces on the end faces, and horizontal machining centers with radial holes are optional.

(5) Special processing

After mastering the functions of the machining center, with certain tooling and special tools, the machining center can be used to complete some special process tasks, such as engraving, engraving and patterning on the metal surface; installing a high High-frequency electric spark power supply can perform line scan surface hardening on metal surfaces; with a high-speed grinding head installed on a machining center, it can realize the grinding of small modulus involute bevel gears and the grinding of various curves and curved surfaces.

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